Fraction Calculator

Add, subtract, multiply, and divide fractions with step-by-step work. Supports mixed numbers, simplification, decimal-to-fraction conversion, and fraction comparison.

Guides & Reference

How It Works

AdditionRecipe scaling, measurement conversion

To add fractions, find the LCD of all denominators. Convert each fraction to have the LCD as its denominator. Add the numerators and keep the denominator. Simplify the result using GCD.

1/4 + 1/6 → LCD=12 → 3/12 + 2/12 = 5/123/8 + 5/12 = 9/24 + 10/24 = 19/24
SubtractionFinding differences, remainders

Same process as addition: find the LCD, convert, then subtract the numerators. The denominator stays the same. Simplify the result.

a/b − c/d = (a×d − c×b) / (b×d) then simplify3/4 − 1/6 = 9/12 − 2/12 = 7/12
MultiplicationArea calculations, scaling recipes

Multiply numerators together, multiply denominators together. No common denominator needed. Simplify the result. Cross-cancel first to keep numbers small.

a/b × c/d = (a×c) / (b×d)2/3 × 3/4 = 6/12 = 1/2
DivisionHow many servings fit, ratio comparison

Flip the second fraction (take its reciprocal) and multiply. Division by a fraction is always multiplication by its reciprocal. Simplify the result.

a/b ÷ c/d = a/b × d/c = (a×d) / (b×c)3/4 ÷ 1/2 = 3/4 × 2/1 = 6/4 = 3/2
SimplificationReducing answers to lowest terms

Find the GCD of numerator and denominator. Divide both by the GCD. The result is the fraction in lowest terms. A fraction is fully simplified when GCD = 1.

a/b → (a÷GCD) / (b÷GCD)24/36 → GCD=12 → 2/3
Mixed NumbersEveryday measurements, cooking

Convert mixed numbers to improper fractions first: multiply the whole number by denominator, add numerator. Then perform the operation normally. Convert back if needed.

w a/b = (w×b + a) / b2 3/4 = (2×4+3)/4 = 11/4

Quick Reference

Common fraction calculations — verify instantly above.

Addition

1/2 + 1/3

5/6

Subtraction

3/4 − 1/6

7/12

Multiply

2/3 × 3/4

1/2

Division

3/4 ÷ 1/2

1 1/2

Simplify

24/36

2/3

Mixed

1 1/2 + 2 1/3

3 5/6

Decimal

0.75

3/4

Compare

2/3 vs 3/4

2/3 < 3/4

Tips & Shortcuts

Cross-cancel before multiplying to keep numbers small. In 4/9 × 3/8, cancel the 4 and 8 (÷4) and the 3 and 9 (÷3): 1/3 × 1/2 = 1/6.

To compare fractions quickly, cross-multiply: for 2/3 vs 3/4, compute 2×4=8 and 3×3=9. Since 8<9, then 2/3 < 3/4.

When dividing by a fraction, always remember: "Keep, Change, Flip" — keep the first fraction, change ÷ to ×, flip the second.

To find the LCD quickly, check if the larger denominator is a multiple of the smaller. If yes, use the larger. Example: LCD(4,8)=8.

A negative fraction: −3/4 is the same as (−3)/4 or 3/(−4). Always keep the negative sign on the numerator for clarity.

Mixed number to improper fraction: whole × denominator + numerator = new numerator. Example: 2 3/4 = (2×4+3)/4 = 11/4.

Common Mistakes

Adding denominators: 1/4 + 1/4 = 2/8

Keep the denominator the same when adding fractions with equal denominators: 1/4 + 1/4 = 2/4 = 1/2.

Not finding LCD before adding: 1/3 + 1/4 = 2/7

You must find the LCD first: LCD(3,4)=12. Then 4/12 + 3/12 = 7/12.

Forgetting to simplify the result

Always check if the answer simplifies. 6/12 is valid but 1/2 is the correct simplified form.

Dividing fractions by flipping the first instead of the second

Always flip the divisor (second fraction). For a/b ÷ c/d, the answer is a/b × d/c, not b/a × c/d.

Converting mixed numbers incorrectly: treating 2 3/4 as 23/4

Multiply whole by denominator then add numerator: 2 3/4 = (2×4+3)/4 = 11/4, not 23/4.

Cancelling across addition: (1+3)/(2+4) = 4/6

You can only cancel factors in multiplication or division, never across addition or subtraction.

Frequently Asked Questions

Find the Least Common Denominator (LCD). Convert each fraction so both have the LCD as denominator. Add the numerators and keep the denominator. Then simplify. Example: 1/4 + 1/6 → LCD=12 → 3/12 + 2/12 = 5/12.

Multiply numerators together and denominators together, then simplify. No common denominator needed. Example: 2/3 × 3/4 = 6/12 = 1/2.

Flip the second fraction (find its reciprocal) and multiply. Example: 3/4 ÷ 1/2 = 3/4 × 2/1 = 6/4 = 3/2 = 1 1/2.

Find the Greatest Common Divisor (GCD) of numerator and denominator, then divide both by it. Example: 12/16 — GCD is 4 — 12÷4=3, 16÷4=4 → 3/4.

A mixed number has a whole part and a fraction part, like 2 3/4. Enter it with a space: "2 3/4". The calculator converts it to an improper fraction (11/4) internally.

Write the decimal over 1, multiply numerator and denominator by 10^n (where n = decimal places), then simplify. Example: 0.75 × 100/100 = 75/100 = 3/4.

To divide fractions, multiply by the reciprocal of the divisor: (a/b) ÷ (c/d) = (a/b) × (d/c) = (ad)/(bc). Memory trick: Keep-Change-Flip (KCF) — keep the first fraction, change ÷ to ×, flip the second. Example: (3/4) ÷ (2/5) = (3/4) × (5/2) = 15/8 = 1⅞. Always simplify by dividing numerator and denominator by their GCF.

Related Calculators